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Michael Tarchaniota Marullus or Michael Marullus ((ギリシア語:Μιχαήλ Μάρουλλος Ταρχανειώτης), (イタリア語:Michele Marullo Tarcaniota); c. 1458 – 10 April 1500) was a Greek Renaissance scholar, poet of Neolatin, humanist and soldier. ==Life== Michael Tarchaniota Marullus was born to a family of Greek ancestry. His biography is rather obscure, he was born in either Constantinople or near the site of ancient Sparta in the Despotate of the Morea on the Peloponnese. His father was known as Manoli Marulo (Μανώλης Μάρουλλος) and his mother was Euphrosyne Tarchaneiotissa (Ευφροσύνη Ταρχανειώτισσα). The name Tarchaniotes was borne by a noble Byzantine family and it probably derives from ''Tarchanion'', a village of Thrake.〔(Polemis D.I. The Doukai. A contribution to Byzantine Prosopography. London, 1968, p. 183 )〕 Another Tarchaniotes, Ioannes, author of several literary works in Greek and Latin in the 16th century, was a relative of Marullus'.〔(Ioannes Tarchaniotes. ''Delle Historie del Mondo'' ... . From the catalogue of the Onassis Foundation Library )〕〔Ioannes Tarchaniotis (Ιωάννης Ταρχανιώτης), article in the Greek Wikipedia.〕 Both of Marulo's parents were Greek exiles who had fled from Constantinople when it fell to the Turks in 1453, and Michael Marullus always proudly called himself a Greek. Due to the Ottoman expansion in the 1460s, he fled with his parents to the Republic of Ragusa, where he spent his earliest years. From there, the family went further to Italy. He was educated in Italy, in Ancona, and also perhaps in Venice and Padua. Marullus travelled from city to city as a composer of Latin poetry and an ardent advocate of a crusade against the Ottoman Turks. In the 1470s he fought as a common Stratioti against Turks in the Crimea. In order to liberate his subjugated homeland from domination he was willing to take up arms himself and allied with the king of France when he planned to go on a crusade. In Italy he served under the cavalry capatain Nicholas Rolla, a Lacedemonian.〔(A New and general biographical dictionary, 1795, vol. VII, p. 145 )〕 Through his poetry, Marullus got in contact with many influential people of his time, including popes, kings and members of the Medici family. In Florence in 1494, he married the learned Alessandra Scala (1475–1506), daughter of Bartolomeo Scala. On 10 April 1500 after visiting with the humanist Raffaello Maffei in Volterra, he was riding in full armour to join the armed forces against Cesare Borgia when he drowned with his horse in the river Cecina near Volterra. The only substantial biography of Marullus is by Carol Kidwell. In ''Marullus, Soldier Poet of the Renaissance'' (London, 1989), she reveals the life of a soldier poet who roams exotic lands, composes poems at the borders of the Black Sea, and participates in a military campaign of Vlad the Impaler (the inspiration for Dracula). Yet Kidwell is not sensitive to the manipulative moves in Marullus's "autobiographical" poems. These, and their implications, have been explored in more detail by Karl Enenkel in his chapter on the poet (see ''Die Erfindung des Menschen: Die Autobiographik des frühneuzeitlichen Humanismus von Petrarca bis Lipsius'' (Berlin, 2008), pp. 368–428). Enenkel argues that it is improbable that Marullus was born in Constantinople. On the contrary, he suggests that the poet was born after the city fell to the Sultan in 1453. The French poet Pierre de Ronsard (1524-1585) was considering Marullus as one of his teachers and dedicated an epitaph to him.〔(Pierre de Ronsard, Oeuvres complètes, Librairie A. Franck, Paris, 1866, Vol. 7, p. 238 ): Epitaph de Marulle, Capitaine et Poëte Grec tres-excellent, natif de Constantinople.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Michael Tarchaniota Marullus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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